RESOURCES AND DEVELOPMENT CLASS 10 NCERT SOLUTIONS

 RESOURCES AND DEVELOPMENT CLASS 10 NCERT SOLUTIONS

Our website offers comprehensive NCERT solutions for Class 10 Resources and Development. Simplifying complex concepts, we provide clear explanations and step-by-step answers to aid in understanding. With a focus on accessibility, our solutions enhance learning, making the subject engaging and easy to grasp for students.

(i) Which one of the following is the main cause of land degradation in
Punjab?
a. Intense cultivation
b. Deforestation
c. Over irrigation
d. Overgrazing

(ii) In which one of the following states is the terrace cultivation practiced?
a. Punjab
b. Haryana
c. Plains of Uttar Pradesh
d. Uttaranchal

(iii) In which one of the following states is the black soil found?
a. J & K
b. Gujarat
c. Rajasthan
d. Jharkhand

Q.2: Answer the following questions in about 30 words:
(i) Name three states having black soil and the crop which is mainly grown in it.
(ii) What type of soil is found in the river deltas of the Eastern Coast? Give three main features of this type of soil.
(iii) What steps can be taken to control soil erosion in the hilly areas?
(iv) What are biotic and abiotic resources? Give some examples.
Answer: Types of Indian Soils

1. Black Soil

• Black in color, also known as regur soil.
• Found in the Deccan trap (Basalt) region.
• Covers plateaus of Maharashtra, Saurashtra, Malwa, Madhya Pradesh, and Chhattisgarh.
• Extends southeast along the Godavari and Krishna valleys.
• Ideal for growing cotton.

2. Alluvial Soil

• Found in the eastern coastal plains, especially in deltas of the Mahanadi, Godavari, Krishna, and Kaveri rivers.
• Consists of sand, silt, and clay.
• Very fertile, leading to intensive cultivation and dense population.
• Contains adequate potash, phosphoric acid, and lime, suitable for sugarcane, paddy, wheat, and other crops.

3. Controlling Soil Erosion in Hilly Areas

• Contour Ploughing: Ploughing along contour lines slows down water flow, reducing erosion.
• Terrace Cultivation: Cutting steps on slopes to create terraces helps control erosion.
• Strip Cropping: Dividing large fields into strips and leaving strips of grass between crops reduces wind force, known as strip cropping.

4. Types of Natural Resources

• Biotic Resources: Obtained from the biosphere and include living things like human beings, flora, fauna, fisheries, and livestock.
• Abiotic Resources: Composed of non-living things like rocks, metals, land, water, and soil.

Q3. Answer the following questions in about 120 words.
(i) Explain land use pattern in India and why has the land under forest not increased much since 1960-61?
(ii) How have technical and economic development led to more consumption of resources?
Answer: (i) Land Resources in India

• Types of Land: Agricultural land, forest land, pasture and grazing land, and wasteland.
• Wasteland: Includes rocky, arid, and desert areas, and land used for non-agricultural purposes like housing, roads, and industry.

Current Land Use Statistics

• Net Sown Area (NSA): Approximately 54% of the total reporting area, including other than current fallow lands.
• Forest Cover: Occupies 22.5% of the total land area.
• Grazing Land: Represents 3.45% of the total land area.
• Wasteland: Accounts for the remainder, with traces of miscellaneous cultivation.

Impact of Human Activities

• Forest Degradation: Improper use of forest land has led to land degradation, making forest conservation challenging.
• Slow Forest Growth: Human activities like deforestation, overgrazing, mining, and quarrying have contributed to a slow growth rate of forests, increasing forest land by only about 4% since 1960-61.

(ii) Factors Leading to Overconsumption of Resources

Colonial Exploitation

• Imperial powers used their technological and economic superiority to control other countries, accessing their resources.
• Resources of colonized countries were accessible to the citizens of the colonial ruler, leading to increased consumption.

Technological Advancements: Technical progress often results in efficient machinery, increased production, and greater consumption of resources.

Population Growth

• Technological development and economic progress have led to increased populations due to low mortality rates at all ages.
• Developments in medicine and healthcare have reduced deaths from accidents, diseases, childbirth, etc., contributing to higher resource consumption.